Izinto ezithwala i-rolling zibandakanya izixhobo zokugubungela iinxalenye kunye neekheji, iirivets kunye nezinye izinto ezincedisayo.

Iibheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neenxalenye zazo zenziwe ngentsimbi.Iintsimbi eziqengqelekayo zidla ngokuba yintsimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni yekhromium kunye nentsimbi yecarburized.Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi yanamhlanje kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokwanda kokusetyenziswa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo, iimfuno zeebheringi ziya zinyuka nangaphezulu, ezifana nokuchaneka okuphezulu, ubomi obude kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.Kwezinye iibheringi ezineenjongo ezikhethekileyo, izinto ezithweleyo zikwafuneka ukuba zibeneempawu zokuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ukunganyangeki kwe-corrosion, non-magnetic, ubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, kunye nokumelana nemitha.Ukongeza, izinto zokuthwala zikwabandakanya izinto ze-alloy, iintsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous kunye ne-non-metallic materials.Ukongeza, iibheringi ezenziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic ngoku zisetyenziswa kwiilocomotives, iimoto, i-subways, i-aviation, i-aerospace, iikhemikhali kunye nezinye iindawo.

Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokubethelwa kweebherethi zezixhobo zixhomekeke kumlinganiselo omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokuthwala.Ingaba ukhetho lwezixhobo zokubethelwa kweebheringi lufanelekile luya kuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo kunye nobomi.Ngokubanzi, ezona ndlela ziphambili zokungaphumeleli kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kukudinwa ukuchitheka phantsi kwesenzo sokutshintshana koxinzelelo, kunye nokulahleka kokuchaneka kokuthwala ngenxa yokungqubana nokunxiba.Ukongezelela, kukho ukuqhekeka, ukufakwa, ukugqwala kunye nezinye izizathu ezenza umonakalo ongaqhelekanga wokuthwala.Ke ngoko, iibheringi eziqengqelekayo kufuneka zibe nokuchasana okuphezulu kwi-deformation yeplastiki, ukungqubana okuncinci kunye nokunxiba, ukuchaneka okuhle kokujikeleza, ukuchaneka okuhle komgangatho kunye nokuzinza, kunye nobomi bokudinwa ixesha elide.Kwaye ezininzi iipropati zichongwa ngezinto eziphathekayo kunye neenkqubo zokunyanga ukushisa.

Ekubeni iimfuno ezisisiseko zezixhobo zeebheringi eziqengqelekayo zichongiwe ngohlobo lomonakalo weebheringi, izinto ezifunekayo ukwenza iibheringi eziqengqelekayo kufuneka zibe nezi zinto zilandelayo emva konyango oluthile lobushushu kwinkqubo elandelayo:

Ukudinwa okuphezulu koqhagamshelwano

Ukungaphumeleli kokudinwa koqhagamshelwano yindlela ephambili yokungaphumeleli kokuthwala okuqhelekileyo.Xa i-rolling bearing isebenza, izinto eziqengqelekayo ziqengqeleka phakathi kweendlela zomdyarho zamakhonkco angaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye inxalenye yoqhagamshelwano ithwala imithwalo etshintshanayo ngamaxesha athile, enokufikelela kumakhulu amawaka amaxesha ngomzuzu.Ngaphantsi kwesenzo esiphindaphindiweyo soxinzelelo lwexesha lokutshintshana, indawo yoqhagamshelwano I-Fatigue peeling iyenzeka.Xa i-rolling bearing iqala ukukhupha, iya kubangela ukunyakaza kunye nokunyuka kwesandi, kwaye ukushisa okusebenzayo kuya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza, kubangela ukuba ukuthwala konakaliswe.Olu hlobo lomonakalo lubizwa ngokuba yi-contact fatigue damage.Ke ngoko, intsimbi yeebheringi eziqengqelekayo ifuneka ukuba ibe namandla okudinwa okuphezulu.

b Ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-abrasion

Xa i-rolling bearing isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphezu kwe-rolling friction, ikwahamba kunye ne-sliding friction.Ezona ndawo ziphambili zokukhuhlana kwe-sliding zezi: indawo yokudibanisa phakathi kwento eqengqelekayo kunye ne-raceway, indawo yokudibanisa phakathi kwento eqengqelekayo kunye nepokotho yekheji, phakathi kwekheji kunye nombambo wesikhokelo seringi, kunye ne-roller end surface kunye ne-ring guide Linda. phakathi kweendonga.Ubukho bokutyibilika kokutyibilika kwiibheringi eziqengqelekayo ngokungenakuthintelwa kubangela ukuguga kweenxalenye ezithweleyo.Ukuba ukunyanzeliswa kokugqoka kwentsimbi yentsimbi kubi, ukunyathela okuqengqelekayo kuya kulahlekelwa ukuchaneka kwangaphambi kwexesha ngenxa yokugqoka okanye ukunciphisa ukuchaneka kokujikeleza, okuya kwandisa ukunyakaza kwentsimbi kunye nokunciphisa ubomi bayo.Ngoko ke, intsimbi yokuthwala iyadingeka ukuba ibe nokuchasana okuphezulu.

c umda ophezulu we-elastic

Xa i-rolling bearing isebenza, kuba indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwento ejikelezayo kunye ne-raceway yendandatho incinci, uxinzelelo loqhagamshelwano lomnxeba woqhagamshelwano lukhulu kakhulu xa ukuthwala kuphantsi komthwalo, ngakumbi phantsi kwemeko yomthwalo omkhulu.Ukuze kuthintelwe i-deformation yeplastiki egqithisileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu loqhagamshelwano, ukulahleka kokuchaneka kokuchaneka okanye ukuqhekeka kwendawo, intsimbi yokuthwala iyadingeka ukuba ibe nomda ophezulu we-elastic.

d Ubulukhuni obufanelekileyo

Ubunzima sesinye sezibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zeebheringi eziqengqelekayo.Inobudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye namandla okudinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukumelana nokunxiba, kunye nomda we-elastic, kwaye ichaphazela ngqo ubomi beebheringi eziqengqelekayo.Ubunzima bokuthwala ngokuqhelekileyo buchongwa yimeko yonke yendlela yomthwalo wokuthwala kunye nobukhulu, ubukhulu becala kunye nobukhulu bodonga.Ubunzima bentsimbi yokuthwala i-rolling kufuneka bufaneleke, inkulu kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu iya kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yokuthwala.Njengoko sonke sisazi, iindlela eziphambili zokungaphumeleli kweebherethi eziqengqelekayo zidibene nomonakalo wokudinwa kunye nokulahleka kokuchaneka kokuchaneka ngenxa yokunganyangeki kokunxiba okanye ukungazinzi komda;ukuba iinxalenye ezithweleyo ziswele iqondo elithile lokuqina, ziya kubangelwa kukuphuka kwe-brittle xa ziphantsi kwemithwalo yempembelelo enkulu.Ukutshatyalaliswa kwebheringi.Ngoko ke, ubunzima bokuthwala kufuneka bunqunywe ngokwemeko ethile yokuthwala kunye nendlela yomonakalo.Ukulahleka kokuchaneka kokuchaneka ngenxa yokudinwa okanye ukunganyangeki kokunxiba, ubunzima obuphezulu kufuneka bukhethwe kwiindawo zokuthwala;iibheringi ezixhomekeke kwimithwalo yempembelelo emikhulu (ezifana nee-rolling Mills: iibheringi, iibheringi zikaloliwe kunye nezinye iibheringi zeemoto, njl. njl.), kufuneka zincitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo Ubulukhuni buyimfuneko ekuphuculeni ukuqina kokuthwala.

Ukuqina kwempembelelo ethile

Iibherethi ezininzi eziqengqelekayo ziya kuxhomekeka kumthwalo othile wempembelelo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ngoko ke intsimbi yokuthwala iyadingeka ukuba ibe neqondo elithile lokuqina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukuthwala akonakali ngenxa yempembelelo.Kwiibheringi ezimelana nemithwalo yempembelelo enkulu, enje ngeebheringi zokungqusha, iibheringi zikaloliwe, njl. njl., imathiriyeli iyafuneka ukuba ibe nokuqina kwempembelelo ephezulu kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka.Ezinye zezi bheringi zisebenzisa inkqubo yokucima ubushushu obukhethekileyo, kwaye ezinye zisebenzisa izixhobo zentsimbi ekhatywayo.Qinisekisa ukuba ezi bheringi zinempembelelo engcono yokuxhathisa kunye nokuqina.

f Uzinzo olulungileyo lwedimensional

Iibheringi eziqengqelekayo ziindawo ezichanekileyo zomatshini, kwaye ukuchaneka kwazo kubalwa kwii-micrometers.Kwinkqubo yokugcina ixesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa, utshintsho kwintlangano yangaphakathi okanye utshintsho kwixinzelelo luya kubangela ukuba ubungakanani bokuthwala buguquke, okubangela ukuba ukuthwala kulahlekelwe ngokuchanekileyo.Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional ye-bearing, intsimbi yokuthwala kufuneka ibe nokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional.

g Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchasana nomhlwa

Iibheringi eziqengqelekayo zineenkqubo ezininzi zokuvelisa kunye nomjikelezo omde wemveliso.Ezinye iinxalenye ezigqityiweyo okanye ezigqityiweyo kufuneka zigcinwe ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuhlanganisana.Ngoko ke, iinxalenye ezithweleyo zixhomekeke kwinqanaba elithile lokubola ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa okanye ekugcinweni kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo.Kumoya ofumileyo.Ngoko ke, intsimbi yokuthwala iyadingeka ukuba ibe nokuchasana nokugqwala okulungileyo.

h Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iibheringi eziqengqelekayo, iinxalenye zayo kufuneka zihambe ngeendlela ezininzi ezibandayo nezishushu.Oku kufuna ukuba intsimbi yokuthwala ifanele ibe neepropati zenkqubo efanelekileyo, njengezinto ezibandayo kunye nezishushu zokwenza izinto, ukusika, ukusebenza kokusila kunye nokusebenza kokushisa ukushisa, njl., Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubethelwa kobunzima, ukusebenza kakuhle, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wemveliso. .

Ukongeza, kwiibherengi ezisetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza, ukongeza kwiimfuno ezisisiseko ezikhankanywe ngasentla, iimfuno ezihambelanayo zokusebenza ezihambelanayo kufuneka zibekwe phambili kwintsimbi esetyenzisiweyo, njengokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokusebenza kwe-antimagnetic.