I-1 Xa i-bearing ifakwe, ububanzi obungaphakathi bokuthwala kunye ne-shaft, ububanzi obungaphandle kunye nezindlu zibaluleke kakhulu.Xa ukulingana kukhululekile kakhulu, umphezulu wokukhwelana uya kutyibilika ngokunxulumene nomnye, obizwa ngokuba yi-creep.Nje ukuba i-creep yenzekile, iya kunxiba umphezulu wokukhwelana, yonakalise i-shaft okanye iqokobhe, kwaye umgubo onxitywayo uya kuhlasela ngaphakathi kwibheringi, ubangele ubushushu, ukungcangcazela kunye nomonakalo.Xa ukuphazamiseka kukhulu kakhulu, i-diameter yangaphandle yendandatho yangaphandle iya kuba yincinci okanye ububanzi bangaphakathi bendandatho yangaphakathi iya kuba nkulu, okuya kunciphisa ukucocwa kwangaphakathi kokuthwala.Ukongezelela, ukuchaneka kwejometri ye-shaft kunye nokulungiswa kwegobolondo kuya kuchaphazela kwakhona ukuchaneka kwasekuqaleni kwendandatho yokuthwala, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ukusebenza kokuthwala.
1.1 Ukhetho lokulinganisa 1.1.1 Ubume bomthwalo kunye nokukhethwa kokulingana kuxhomekeke kwicala apho imithwalo ithwala umthwalo kunye neemeko zokujikeleza kweeringi zangaphakathi nangaphandle, ngokubanzi zibhekiselele kwiThebhile 1. IThebhile 1 Ubume be umthwalo odityanisiweyo kunye neemeko ezijikelezayo zokuthwala okuhambelanayo I-Legend Umthwalo wendalo Indlela yokulinganisa Umsesane wangaphakathi: ojikelezayo Umsesane ongalunganga: Isalathisi somthwalo osisigxina: Iringi esisigxina yangaphakathi Umthwalo ojikelezayo Umsesane wangaphandle Umthwalo omileyo Umsesane omileyo Umsesane wangaphakathi: Ukulingana okuzinzileyo (ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka) Umsesane wangaphandle: Ukulingana okunamandla (i-clearance fit) iyafumaneka Iringi yangaphakathi: Static Iringi engalunganga: Umsesane ojikelezayo ojikelezayo: Ukujikeleza ngaxeshanye neringi yangaphandle Iringi yangaphakathi: Iyajikeleza Iringi engalunganga: Isalathisi somthwalo omileyo: Umsesane osisigxina osisigxina Umthwalo omileyo Umsesane ojikelezayo wangaphandle Umsesane ojikelezayo wangaphakathi kufanelekile) Umsesane wangaphandle: Ukulingana okumileyo (ukungenelela kokuphazamiseka) Umsesane wangaphakathi: I-Static Negative ring: Iyajikeleza Icala lomthwalo: Ukujikeleza ngaxeshanye kunye neringi yangaphakathi.2) Ukulungelelaniswa okucetyiswayo Ukuze ukhethe ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kwinjongo, uhlobo, ubungakanani, iimeko zeqondo lokushisa lomthwalo wokuthwala, kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zofakelo kunye nokuchithwa kwentsimbi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Xa ukuthwala kufakwe kwigobolondo elincinci okanye kwi-shaft egobileyo, ukuphazamiseka kufuneka kube kukhulu kunesiqhelo;igobolondo eyahlukileyo kulula ukuguqula i-ring yangaphandle yokuthwala, ngoko kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuqaphela xa i-ring yangaphandle idinga ukufakwa ngokwezibalo;kwimeko yokungcangcazela okukhulu, amakhonkco angaphakathi nangaphandle kufuneka amkele ukulingana okumileyo.
Ngezona zinto zicetyiswayo ngokubanzi, jonga kwiTheyibhile 2, iTheyibhile 3 ITheyibhile 2 Iimeko ezisebenzayo zeebheringi zeradial kunye neeshafti (kwireferensi) Idayamitha yeshaft (mm) Amanqaku eebheringi ezingqukuva iibheringi iibheringi zeebheringi eziziqengqelezi iibheringi Ulungelelwaniso oluzenzekelayo Iibheringi ze-Cylindrical bore kunye neringi yangaphandle ye-shaft Umthwalo ojikelezayo udinga iringi yangaphakathi ukuba kube lula ukuhamba kwi-shaft Yonke imilinganiselo yamavili eshafti emileyo g6 Xa ukuchaneka kufuneka, sebenzisa i-g5, h5, iibheringi ezinkulu kunye neemfuno. ukunyakaza okulula kungasetyenziswa endaweni ye-h6 Iringi yangaphakathi kufuneka ibe lula ukuhamba kwi-shaft Tensioner frame, i-sheave h6 Iringi yangaphakathi iyajikeleza okanye isalathiso singenasiphelo.Umthwalo olula ungaphantsi kwe-0.06Cr (1).— — Js5 Xa ukuchaneka kufunwa, sebenzisa iklasi ye-p5, kwaye usebenzise i-h5 kwiibheringi zebhola ezichanekileyo kunye nobubanzi obungaphakathi be-18mm okanye ngaphantsi.0.13) Umthwalo we-Cr (1) kwindawo yokuthwala ngokubanzi ingaphantsi kwe-18 kwiinjini ezinkulu zombane, ii-injini zombane, iimpompo, iishafti ze-injini, ukuhanjiswa kwegiya, kunye noomatshini bokwenza amaplanga - n6 iibheringi zerola ezinomqolo omnye kunye nomqolo omnye we-radial thrust ball. iibheringi zinokutshintshwa yi-k6 kunye ne-m6 k5, m5.18-100 ngaphantsi kwama-40 p6 140-200 40-100 40-65 r6 200-280 100-140 65-100 r7— 140-200 100-140 n6— 200-400 2060-28—200-400 2060—28 ngaphezulu kwe-500 r7 umthwalo onzima (ngaphezu kwe-0.13Cr(1)) umthwalo okanye umthwalo wempembelelo kaloliwe, isithuthi somzi-mveliso tram umatshini wokwakha umatshini wokucoca—50-140 50-100 n6 iibheringi ezifuna imvume enkulu kunesiqhelo — 140-200 100-140 p6 — ngaphezu kwama-200 140-200 r6 — — 200-500 r7 Kuphela thwala umthwalo we-axial Zonke iinxalenye ezithweleyo zezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo Zonke imilinganiselo Js6 (j6) — IThebhile 3 Ukuthwala iRadial kunye nomngxuma wezindlu Imizekelo esebenzayo yeemeko ezihambelanayo (ireferensi) Ukunyamezela imingxunya yezindlu iklasi Ukushukuma kweringi yangaphandle IiNgcaciso Umngxuma odibeneyo wezindlu Umngxunya wangaphandle Umsesane ojikelezayo Umthwalo ojikelezayo Udonga Ukuthwala Umthwalo onzima Amavili emoto (iibheringi eziqengqelekayo) Amavili e-Crane abalekayo P7 Iringi yangaphandle ayikwazi ukuhamba kwicala le-axial.
Umthwalo oqhelekileyo, umthwalo onzima wevili lemoto (ibhola ethwele) isikrini esingcangcazelayo isikrini esingu-N7 esilula okanye ipuli yokuhambisa umthwalo oguquguqukayo, i-pulley tensioner M7 engaguqukiyo umthwalo omkhulu onempembelelo enkulu engundoqo ye-injini yomthwalo oqhelekileyo wetram okanye umthwalo okhanyayo impompo crankshaft ephakathi kunye nemoto enkulu K7 ngaphandle umgaqo, umsesane wangaphandle awukwazi ukuhamba kwicala le-axial.Iringi yangaphandle ayifuni ukuhamba kwicala le-axial.Umngxuma wezindlu odibeneyo okanye umngxuma wezindlu owahlukileyo ngumthwalo oqhelekileyo okanye umthwalo okhanyayo JS7 (J7).Iringi yangaphandle inokushukuma nge-axially.Iringi yangaphandle inokushukuma nge-axially.Intshukumo yomkhomba-ndlela Umthwalo ojikelezayo weringi yangaphakathi Zonke iintlobo zemithwalo Iibheringi ngokubanzi Inxalenye yendlu yokuthwala isithuthi sikaloliwe H7 Iringi yangaphandle ihamba ngendlela ye-axial ngokulula-umthwalo oqhelekileyo okanye umthwalo olula kunye nesihlalo H8 I-Integral shaft yeqokobhe kunye neringi yangaphakathi iba liphepha lobushushu obuphezulu. idryer G7 umthwalo oqhelekileyo, umthwalo olula, ingakumbi ifuna ukuchaneka okujikelezayo okusila ngebhola ejikeleziswayo ngasemva ephethe i-high-speed centrifugal compressor esisigxina ecaleni eline-JS6 (J6) iringi yangaphandle inokuhamba kwicala le-axial - umthwalo ongeyo-directional wokusila i-spindle yangasemva yebhola ephethe isantya esiphezulu se-Centrifugal icompressor esisigxina kwicala elithwala i-K6 Xa i-ring yangaphandle igxininiswe kwicala le-axial ngokomgaqo, ukungenelela kokuphazamiseka okukhulu kune-K kuyasebenza.Kwimeko yeemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokuchaneka okuphezulu, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubela phambili ukusebenzisa umehluko omncinci ovumelekileyo ngokwesicelo.Sebenzisana.
Umthwalo ojikelezayo wendandatho yangaphakathi utshintsha umthwalo, ngokukodwa ufuna ukujikeleza okuchanekileyo kunye nokuqina okuphezulu.Iibheringi ze-Cylindrical roller zesixhobo sokuphotha umatshini i-M6 okanye i-N6.Iringi yangaphandle igxininiswe kwicala le-axial kwaye idinga ukusebenza okungenamsindo.Izixhobo zasekhaya H6.Indandatho yangaphandle ihamba kwi-axial direction-3), i-shaft 1. Ukuba ukuchaneka kwegobolondo kunye nobunzima bomphezulu we-shaft kunye negobolondo ayilungile ngokwaneleyo, ukuthwala kuya kuchaphazeleka kuyo kwaye akukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ofunekayo.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ukuchaneka kwenxalenye yokufakela igxalaba ayilungile, amakhonkco angaphakathi nangaphandle aya kuthambekela.Ukongeza kumthwalo wokuthwala, umthwalo ogxininisiweyo ekupheleni uya kunciphisa ubomi bokukhathala kokuthwala, kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo, kuya kubangela umonakalo kwi-cage kunye ne-sintering.Ngaphezu koko, ukuguqulwa kwezindlu ngenxa yemithwalo yangaphandle kuncinci.Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwazi ukuxhasa ngokupheleleyo ukuqina kokuthwala.Ukuphakama kokuqina, kuluncedo ngakumbi kwingxolo yokuthwala kunye nokusabalalisa umthwalo.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa, ukujika ukugqiba okanye ukuchaneka komatshini wokudinwa kwanele.Nangona kunjalo, ngezihlandlo ezineemfuno ezingqongqo kwi-rotation runout kunye neemeko zengxolo kunye nomthwalo onzima kakhulu, ukugqitywa kokusila kuyadingeka.Xa iibheringi ezingaphezulu kwe-2 zicwangciswe kwiqokobhe elipheleleyo, indawo yokukhwelana yeqokobhe kufuneka iyilwe ukuze ikwazi ukuqhubela phambili ukugqobhoza.Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa, ukuchaneka kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-shaft kunye nezindlu kunokusekelwe kwiThebhile 4 ngezantsi.Itheyibhile 4 Ukuchaneka nokugudiswa kweshaft kunye nezindlu Izinto ezithwele amabakala Ukunyamezela ukujikeleza kwe-Shaft kwezindlu 0, 6, 5, 4 IT3 ~ IT42 2IT3 ~ IT42 2 IT4 ~ IT52 2IT3 ~ IT42 2 Ukunyamezela i-Cylindricity 0, 6 iBakala 5, iBakala 4 IT3 IT42 2IT2 ~ IT32 2 IT4 ~ IT52 2IT2 ~ IT32 2 Ukunyamezelana okuphuma emagxeni kwiBakala 0, iBakala 6 iBakala 5, iBakala 4 IT3IT3 IT3~IT4IT3 Ukufakela umphezulu umphezulu Rmax Iibheringi ezincinci Iibheringi ezinkulu 3.2S6.3S 6.3S12
2 Ukuthwala ucoceko: Ukuthwala imvume kuboniswe kuMzobo 1: Umzobo 1 Ukuthwala imvume 2.1 Ukuthwala imvume yangaphakathi Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-internal clearance ebizwa ngokuba yi-internal clearance ibhekiselele kwinxalenye yeringi yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle yebheringi xa ingafakwanga kwi-shaft okanye kwi-shaft. ibhokisi yokuthwala.Yilungise, kwaye emva koko wenze icala elingalungiswanga lishukume ngokunzulu okanye nge-axially.Ngokolwalathiso lokuhamba, lunokwahlulwa lube yi-radial clearance kunye ne-axial clearance.Xa ulinganisa ukucocwa kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing, ukwenzela ukuzinzisa ixabiso elilinganisiweyo, umthwalo wokuvavanya usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindandatho.Ke ngoko, ixabiso lovavanyo likhulu kunexabiso langempela lokucocwa, oko kukuthi, kukho enye imali eninzi ye-elastic deformation ebangelwa kukusebenzisa umthwalo wovavanyo.Ixabiso langempela lokucocwa kwangaphakathi kokuthwala kuhambelana neThebhile 4.5.Ukunyuka kwe-clearance okubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic ngasentla kulungiswa.Ubungakanani be-elastic deformation ye-roller bearings ayinanto.Itheyibhile 4.5 lulungiso lokucocwa kweradial ukuphelisa impembelelo yomthwalo wovavanyo (deep groove ball bearing) Iyunithi: um Imodeli ephetheyo ebizwa ngokuba yimodeli yangaphakathi idayamitha d (mm) Umthwalo wovavanyo (N) Ulungiso lokucoca ludlula iC2 Eqhelekileyo C3 C4 C510 (ibandakanyiwe) 18 24.549 147 3~4 4~5 6~8 45 8 4 6 9 4 6 9 4 6 92.2 Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokucima ucoceko Ucociso olubalekayo lwebheringi luba likhulu kunolusuko lokuqala ngenxa yokulingana kunye nomahluko wobushushu phakathi amakhonkco angaphakathi nangaphandle.Incinci.Ukukhutshwa okuhambayo kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo kubomi bokuthwala, ukunyuka kobushushu, ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo, ngoko ke kufuneka ibekwe kwimeko efanelekileyo.
Ukuthetha ngokwethiyori, xa ukuthwala kusebenza, kunye nokuhamba okungahambi kakuhle, ubomi bokuthwala bukhulu kakhulu.Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukugcina le mvume ilungileyo.Njengoko iimeko zenkonzo zitshintsha, ukucocwa okungalunganga kokuthwala kuya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo, okubangela ukuncipha okukhulu kwimpilo yokuthwala okanye isizukulwana sokushisa.Ke ngoko, ukucocwa kokuqala kokuthwala ngokuqhelekileyo kusetelwe ukuba kukhulu kunoziro.Umzobo 2: Utshintsho kwi-radial clearance yeebheringi 2.3 Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha ukuthwala imvume Ngokwethiyori, xa i-bearing ikwimeko ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza kwaye inococeko olungeluhle kancinane lokusebenza, ubomi bokuzala bukhulu.Kodwa enyanisweni, kunzima kakhulu ukugcina le meko ilungileyo.Emva kokuba imeko ethile yokusetyenziswa itshintshile, ukukhutshwa okungalunganga kuya kwanda, okuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni okubonakalayo kokuthwala ubomi okanye ukuvelisa ukushisa.Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha ukucocwa kokuqala, kuyafuneka ukuba imvume yokubaleka ibe nkulu kancinane kunoziro.
Kwiibheringi ezisetyenziswe phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ukulinganisa okuqhelekileyo kuya kusetyenziswa.Xa isantya kunye nobushushu buqhelekile, kufuneka kukhethwe kuphela ukucocwa okuqhelekileyo okuhambelanayo ukuze kufumaneke imvume yokuqhuba efanelekileyo.Itheyibhile 6 Imizekelo esebenzayo yococeko oluxhaphake kakhulu Ukusetyenziswa kweemeko Amathuba asebenzayo Khetha imvume yokuthwala imithwalo enzima, imithwalo enempembelelo, kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu I-Axle C3 Izikrini zokungcangcazela kwe-C3 kunye ne-C4 zithwala imithwalo engaguqukiyo, kwaye zombini amakhonkco angaphakathi nangaphandle athatha i-static fit isithuthi sikaloliwe. I-Motor C4 itrektara, i-C4 yokunciphisa i-C4 yokugqibela okanye umatshini wephepha wangaphakathi wokufudumeza, isomisi i-C3, i-C4 yokujikeleza i-roller roller i-C3 inciphisa ukujikeleza kunye nesandi esincinci se-motor C2 ukulungelelanisa ukucoceka kunye nokulawula i-shaft vibration ye-NTN isixhobo somatshini wokuphotha (i-double row cylinder Roller bearings) C9NA , C0NA.