Iibheringi zezixhobo zoomatshini ziyinxalenye esengozini, kwaye nokuba imeko yabo yokusebenza ilungile ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwesixhobo sonke.Kumatshini wesamente kunye nezixhobo, kukho iimeko ezininzi zokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo ezibangelwa ukusilela kwangaphambili kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo.Ngoko ke, ukufumana ingcambu yephutha, ukuthatha amanyathelo okulungisa, kunye nokuphelisa impazamo enye yezitshixo zokuphucula izinga lokusebenza kwenkqubo.

1 Uhlalutyo lwempazamo yeebheringi eziqengqelekayo

1.1 Uhlalutyo lwe-Vibration ye-rolling bearing

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuqengqeleka kweebheringi kukusilela ukudinwa ngokulula kwabafowunelwa abaqengqelekayo.{TodayHot} Olu hlobo lwe-peelling, indawo ye-peeling surface malunga ne-2mm2, kwaye ubunzulu buyi-0.2mm ~ 0.3mm, enokuthi igwetywe ngokufumanisa ukunyakaza kwemonitha.Ugqatso lunokwenzeka kumphezulu wogqatso lwangaphakathi, ugqatso lwangaphandle okanye izinto eziqengqelekayo.Phakathi kwabo, uhlanga lwangaphakathi luhlala luqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu loqhagamshelwano.

Phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ezisetyenziselwa ukuqengqeleka kweebheringi, indlela yokujonga ivibration iseyeyona ibalulekileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela yokuhlalutya i-domain-time-domain ilula, ifanelekile kwizihlandlo ezinokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwengxolo, kwaye yindlela efanelekileyo yokuxilongwa okulula;phakathi kweendlela zokuxilongwa kwe-frequency-domain, indlela ye-resonance demodulation yeyona ikhulileyo kwaye inokuthenjwa, kwaye ifanelekile ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kweempazamo ezithwele;ixesha- Indlela yokuhlalutya i-frequency ifana ne-resonance demodulation method, kwaye inokubonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo ixesha kunye neempawu ze-frequency zophawu lwesiphoso, olunenzuzo ngakumbi.

1.2 Uhlalutyo lwendlela yomonakalo weebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye namayeza

(1) Umthwalo omninzi.Ukugqithisa okukhulu komphezulu kunye nokuguga, okubonisa ukusilela kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo ngenxa yokudinwa kwangaphambili okubangelwa kukugcwala (ukongeza, ukulingana okuqinileyo kuya kubangela inqanaba elithile lokudinwa).Ukulayisha kakhulu kunokubangela ukunxitywa kwebhola enzima kwindlela yomdyarho, i-spalling ebanzi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nobushushu obugqithisileyo.Isisombululo kukunciphisa umthwalo kwi-bearing okanye ukwandisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo.

(2) Ukushisa ngokugqithiseleyo.Ukutshintsha kombala kwimidyarho yee-roller, iibhola, okanye i-cage ibonisa ukuba ukuthwala kushushu kakhulu.Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kuya kunciphisa umphumo we-lubricant, ukwenzela ukuba intlango yeoli ingabi lula ukwenza okanye iphele ngokupheleleyo.Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, izinto eziphathekayo zomdyarho kunye nebhola lensimbi ziya kukhutshwa, kwaye ubunzima buya kuncipha.Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu kukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obungathandekiyo okanye ukupholisa okungonelanga phantsi komthwalo onzima kunye nesantya esiphezulu.Isisombululo kukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukushisa kunye nokongeza ukupholisa okongeziweyo.

(3) Ukhukuliseko lokungcangcazela komthwalo ophantsi.Iimpawu ze-elliptical wear marks zavela kwindawo ye-axial yebhola nganye yentsimbi, ebonisa ukungaphumeleli okubangelwa ukungcangcazela kwangaphandle okugqithisileyo okanye ukuxoxwa komthwalo ophantsi xa ukuthwala kwakungasebenzi kwaye akukho filimu yeoli ye-lubricating yaveliswa.Isicombululo kukukwahlula ukuthwala kwi-vibration okanye ukongeza izongezo ezichasene nokunxiba kwigrisi yokuthwala, njl.

(4) Iingxaki zokufakela.Ikakhulu ingqalelo kule miba ilandelayo:

Okokuqala, nikela ingqalelo kumandla ofakelo.I-indentations enezithuba kwi-raceway ibonisa ukuba umthwalo ugqithise umda we-elastic wezinto eziphathekayo.Oku kubangelwa ukugqithiswa kwe-static okanye impembelelo enzima (njengokubetha i-bearing ngehamile ngexesha lofakelo, njl.).Indlela yofakelo echanekileyo kukusebenzisa amandla kuphela kwiringi ekufuneka icinezelwe (musa ukutyhala iringi yangaphandle xa ufaka iringi yangaphakathi kwi-shaft).

Okwesibini, nikela ingqalelo kwisikhokelo sofakelo lweebheringi zoqhagamshelwano ze-angular.Iibheringi zoqhagamshelwano ze-angular zinendawo yoqhagamshelwano lwe-elliptical kunye ne-axial thrust kwicala elinye kuphela.Xa ukuthwala kuhlanganiswe kwicala elichaseneyo, ngenxa yokuba ibhola yensimbi isecaleni kwendlela yokugijima, indawo yokugqoka i-groove-shaped zone iya kuveliswa kwindawo elayishiwe.Ngoko ke, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwisalathiso esichanekileyo sokufakela ngexesha lofakelo.

Okwesithathu, nikela ingqalelo kukulungelelaniswa.Iimpawu zokugqoka iibhola zensimbi zixutywe kwaye azihambelani nolwalathiso lwendlela yokugijima, ebonisa ukuba ukuthwala akugxininisi ngexesha lofakelo.Ukuba ukuphambuka ku> 16000, kuya kubangela ukuba ukushisa kwe-bearing kunyuke kwaye kubangele ukunxiba okukhulu.Isizathu sinokuthi i-shaft igobile, i-shaft okanye ibhokisi ine-burrs, indawo ecinezelayo ye-lock nut ayikho i-perpendicular kwi-axis yentambo, njl. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukujonga ukuphuma kwe-radial ngexesha lofakelo.

Okwesine, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo.Ukugqoka okujikelezayo okanye ukuguqulwa kombala kwindibano yokudibanisa amakhonkco angaphakathi kunye nangaphandle kwi-bearing kubangelwa ukulungelelaniswa okukhululekile phakathi kwe-bearing kunye neendawo zayo ezihambelanayo.I-oxide eveliswa yi-abrasion i-brown abrasive ecocekileyo, eya kubangela uchungechunge lweengxaki ezifana nokugqithisa ngakumbi ukuthwala, ukuveliswa kobushushu, ingxolo kunye nokuphuma kwe-radial, ngoko kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqwalasela efanelekileyo ngexesha lokudibanisa.

Omnye umzekelo kukuba kukho umkhondo onzulu wokunxiba we-spherical emazantsi endlela yomdyarho, ebonisa ukuba indawo yokukhutshwa iba yincinci ngenxa yokuqina okuqinileyo, kwaye ukuthwala kuyasilela ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokunxiba kunye nokudinwa ngenxa yokwanda kwetorque kunye nokunyuka. ekuthwaleni ubushushu.Ngeli xesha, ngokude nje ukuba i-radial clearance ibuyiselwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukuphazamiseka kuncitshiswe, le ngxaki ingasombululwa.

(5) Ukungaphumeleli kokukhathala okuqhelekileyo.Ukuchitheka kwezinto ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwenzeka nakuwuphi na umphezulu wokubaleka (njengomdyarho wemidyarho okanye ibhola yentsimbi), kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iye yanda ukuze ibangele ukwanda kwe-amplitude, okukukusilela okuqhelekileyo kokudinwa.Ukuba ubomi beebheringi eziqhelekileyo abukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa, kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuphinda ukhethe ii-bearings eziphezulu okanye ukunyusa imilinganiselo yemigangatho yeklasi yokuqala ukunyusa umthamo wokuthwala imithwalo.

(6) Ukuthambisa okungafanelekanga.Zonke iibheringi eziqengqelekayo zifuna ukuthanjiswa okungaphazamisekiyo ngezithambiso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwazo okuyiliweyo.Ukuthwala kuxhomekeke kwifilimu yeoli eyenziwe kwizinto ezijikelezayo kunye neentlanga zokuthintela ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kwintsimbi ukuya kwintsimbi.Ukuba ithanjiswa kakuhle, ukukhuhlana kunokuncitshiswa ukuze kungagugi.

Xa ukuthwala kuqhuba, i-viscosity yegrisi okanye ioli yokuthambisa isitshixo sokuqinisekisa ukuthambisa kwayo okuqhelekileyo;kwangaxeshanye, kukwabalulekile ukugcina igrisi yokuthambisa icocekile kwaye ingenabo ubumdaka obuqinileyo okanye ulwelo.I-viscosity yeoli iphantsi kakhulu ukuba igcobe ngokupheleleyo, ukwenzela ukuba i-ring seat iguge ngokukhawuleza.Ekuqaleni, intsimbi yesitulo somsesane kunye nomgangatho wesinyithi womzimba oqengqelekayo uqhagamshelane ngokuthe ngqo kwaye uhlikihle omnye komnye, nto leyo eyenza umphezulu ube lula kakhulu?Emva koko ukukhuhlana okomileyo kwenzeka?Umphezulu wendandatho yokuhlala utyunyuzwa ngamasuntswana atyunyuziweyo ebusweni bomzimba ojikelezayo.Umphezulu unokujongwa ekuqaleni njengobuthuntu, ukugqiba kwawonakele, ekugqibeleni ngokugqobhoza kunye nokugqabhuka ngenxa yokudinwa.Isilungiso kukuphinda ukhethe kwaye ubeke endaweni yeoli yokuthambisa okanye igrisi ngokweemfuno zokuthwala.

Xa amasuntswana angcolisekileyo angcolisa ioyile yokuthambisa okanye igrisi, nokuba ezi zinto zingcolisekileyo zincinci kunobunzima obuqhelekileyo befilimu yeoli, amasuntswana aqinileyo aya kuhlala ebangela ukunxiba kwaye ade angene kwifilimu yeoli, okukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwasekhaya kwindawo yokuthwala, ngaloo ndlela kakhulu. bufutshane ubomi bokuzala .Nangona ukuxinwa kwamanzi kwi-oyile yokuthambisa okanye igrisi kuncinci njenge-0.01%, kwanele ukunciphisa isiqingatha sobomi bokuqala bokuthwala.Ukuba amanzi anyibilika kwioli okanye kwigrisi, ubomi benkonzo yokuthwala buya kuncipha njengoko ukuxinwa kwamanzi kwanda.Kufakwe isicombululo endaweni yeoli eyinqambi okanye amafutha;izihluzi ezingcono kufuneka zifakwe ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, ukutywinwa kufuneka kufakwe, kunye nemisebenzi yokucoca kufuneka inikwe ingqalelo ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokufakwa.

(7) Ukudleka.Amabala abomvu okanye amdaka kwibala lemidyarho, iibhola zentsimbi, iikheji, kunye nezangqa zezangqa zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zibonisa ukungaphumeleli kokutya kwebhere ngenxa yokuvezwa kulwelo oludlekayo okanye iigesi.Ibangela ukungcangcazela okwandisiweyo, ukunxiba okwandisiweyo, ukonyuka kweradial clearance, ukunciphisa ukulayisha kwangaphambili kwaye, kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, ukusilela kokudinwa.Isilungiso kukukhupha ulwelo olusuka kwibheringi okanye ukwandisa itywina elipheleleyo nangaphandle lokuthwala.

2 Izizathu kunye neendlela zonyango zokungaphumeleli kwefeni

Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezingaphelelanga, izinga lokungaphumeleli kokungcangcazela okungaqhelekanga kweefeni kwizityalo zesamente liphezulu ukuya kuma-58.6%.Ukungcangcazela kuya kubangela ukuba ifeni isebenze ngokungalungelelananga.Phakathi kwabo, ukulungelelaniswa okungafanelekanga komkhono we-adapter yokuthwala kuya kubangela ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kokushisa kunye nokunyakaza kokuthwala.

Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso wesamente watshintsha iintsimbi zefeni ngexesha lokugcinwa kwesixhobo.Amacala amabini e-vane ahambelana ngokuthe ngqo kunye neebheringi zesihlalo sokuthwala ngomkhono we-adapter.Emva kokuvavanya kwakhona, ukushisa okuphezulu kwesigxina sokuphela kwamahhala kunye nephutha lexabiso eliphezulu lokungcangcazela lenzekile.

Hlukanisa isiciko esingaphezulu sesihlalo sokuthwala kwaye ujike ifeni ngesandla ngesantya esicothayo.Kufunyaniswa ukuba ii-roller ezithwalayo kwindawo ethile ye-shaft ejikelezayo iphinda iqhube kwindawo engeyiyo imithwalo.Ukusuka kule nto, kunokumiselwa ukuba ukuguquguquka kwe-bearing running clearance kuphezulu kwaye ukukhutshwa kofakelo kunokwanela.Ngokomlinganiselo, ukucocwa kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing yi-0.04mm kuphela, kwaye i-eccentricity ye-shaft ejikelezayo ifikelela kwi-0.18mm.

Ngenxa yobude obukhulu beebheringi ezisekhohlo nasekunene, kunzima ukuphepha ukuphambuka kwe-shaft ejikelezayo okanye iimpazamo kwi-angle yokufakela iibheringi.Ke ngoko, abalandeli abakhulu basebenzisa iibheringi ezingqukuva ezinokuthi zilungelelanise iziko ngokuzenzekelayo.Nangona kunjalo, xa ukucocwa kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing kunganelanga, iinxalenye zangaphakathi ezijikelezayo zokuthwala zikhawulelwe yindawo yokunyakaza, kwaye umsebenzi wayo wokumisa ngokuzenzekelayo uyachaphazeleka, kwaye ixabiso le-vibration liya kwanda endaweni yoko.Ukukhutshwa kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing kuyancipha ngokunyuka kwe-tightness efanelekileyo, kwaye ifilimu yeoli yokuthambisa ayinakwenziwa.Xa i-bearing running clearance iyancipha ukuya kwi-zero ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, ukuba ubushushu obuveliswa ngumsebenzi wokuthwala busengaphezu kobushushu obuchithiweyo, iqondo lobushushu elithweleyo liya kuhla Khuphuka ngokukhawuleza.Ngeli xesha, ukuba umatshini akayekwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuthwala kuya kutshisa ekugqibeleni.Ukulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo phakathi kwendandatho yangaphakathi yokuthwala kunye ne-shaft yimbangela yokushisa okungaqhelekanga komgangatho wokuthwala kule meko.

Xa usetyenzwa, susa umkhono weadaptha, lungisa ukuqina okufanelekileyo phakathi kwe-shaft kunye nendandatho yangaphakathi, kwaye uthathe i-0.10mm yesithuba emva kokutshintsha ukuthwala.Emva kokufakwa kwakhona, qalisa kwakhona i-fan, kunye nexabiso lokungcangcazela kwe-bearing kunye nobushushu bokusebenza bubuyele kwisiqhelo.

Ukucocwa kwangaphakathi okuncinci kakhulu kwe-bearing okanye ukuyila kakubi kunye nokuchaneka kokuveliswa kweendawo zezona zizathu zeqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lokuthwala.Ukuzala kwezindlu.Nangona kunjalo, kukwaxhomekeke kwiingxaki ngenxa yokungakhathali kwinkqubo yokufakela, ngokukodwa ukulungiswa kokukhutshwa okufanelekileyo.Ukukhutshwa kwangaphakathi kokuthwala kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye ukushisa okusebenzayo kuphakama ngokukhawuleza;umngxuma we-taper wendandatho yangaphakathi yokuthwala kunye nomkhono we-adaptha uhambelana kakhulu, kwaye ukuthwala kulungele ukungaphumeleli kunye nokutshisa ngexesha elifutshane ngenxa yokukhulula umphezulu wokukhwelana.

3 Isiphelo

Ukushwankathela, ukusilela kweebheringi kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kuyilo, ukugcinwa, ulawulo lokuthambisa, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa.Ngale ndlela, iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo zoomatshini zingancitshiswa, kwaye izinga lokusebenza kunye nobomi benkonzo yezixhobo zoomatshini zingandiswa.